The manipulation of high-quality vector beams (VBs) with metasurfaces is an important topic and has potential for classical and quantum applications. In this paper, we propose a Fresnel zone (FZ) metasurface with metallic nanoslits arranged on FZs, which sets alternate binary geometric and propagation phases to cancel the incident spin component and focus the converted spin component (CSC). The rotation designs of nanoslits transform the incident polarization state on the conventional Poincaré sphere to VBs on the higher-order Poincaré (HOP) sphere. The two orbital angular momentum states of the CSCs were manipulated, and the focused HOP beams were generated. The experimental results demonstrate the broadband generation of arbitrarily focused HOP beams of high quality under the illumination of the red (632.8 nm), green (532 nm), and blue (473 nm) light. This work will be of significance for the applications of VBs in different areas, such as precision metrology, optical micromanipulation, and quantum information.

受激布里渊散射（SBS）作为三阶光学效应广泛应用于激光组束、分布式光纤传感、布里渊激光器等领域。近年来，SBS脉冲压缩亦得到特殊关注。基于布里渊放大过程中的能量转移特性，SBS脉冲压缩技术能够将ns量级脉冲压缩至亚ns量级，峰值功率可提升1～2个数量级。系统介绍了SBS脉冲压缩基本理论，综合论述了SBS压缩器结构、增益介质、泵浦脉冲等因素对脉冲压缩特性的影响，并对SBS脉冲压缩发展趋势进行了展望，为今后SBS特性的研究提供了有益参考，也为高重频、高能量激光的获取提供了可行方案。

After the three-dimensional self-affine fractal random surface simulation, we use the optical scattering theory to calculate the deep Fresnel region speckle (DFRS) under consideration of the more strict shadowing effect. The evolution of DFRS with the scattering distance and the intensity probability distribution are studied. It is found that the morphology of the scatterer has an antisymmetric relationship with the intensity distribution of DFRS, and the effect of micro-lenses on the scattering surface causes the intensity probability distribution of DFRS to deviate from the Gaussian speckle in the high light intensity area.